What EEG change occurs when phenytoin approaches toxic levels?

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When phenytoin approaches toxic levels, the EEG typically demonstrates a slowing in the background alpha rhythm. This slowing indicates a disruption in normal brain activity and suggests that the drug is impacting the electrical activity of the brain.

Phenytoin is an anticonvulsant medication, and its toxicity can lead to alterations in EEG patterns. As phenytoin levels rise towards toxicity, the brain's electrical activity may become less coordinated, leading to a decrease in the frequency of alpha waves, which are normally associated with relaxed wakefulness. Instead, a shift toward slower frequencies may occur, reflecting the effects of the drug on neurophysiological functioning.

These changes highlight the importance of monitoring EEG patterns in patients on phenytoin to assess for potential toxicity, which is essential for appropriate clinical management. Understanding these EEG characteristics can help practitioners respond effectively to adverse reactions related to the medication.

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