Electroencephalogram (EEG) Registry Practice Exam

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• What effect does a resistor generally have on electric current?
• Which of the following is influenced by the activation of the sympathetic nervous system?
• What are sleep spindles called when they are preceded by sharp slow waves that can be elicited by sound?
• Prozac (fluoxetine) and Zoloft (sertraline) are classified under which category of medications?
• In which head regions should normal alpha NOT be seen in adults?
• What do electrodes placed on the dorsum of the hand primarily monitor?
• A recommended method of monitoring infusion motor artifact from intravenous infusion pumps is to place two electrodes on?
• What procedure should not be performed on a child diagnosed with sickle cell disease?
• A longer time constant results in which of the following?
• The presence of jerky, irregular muscle movement can be characteristic of which condition?
• Positive Occipital Sharp Transients of Sleep are typically found in which age group?
• Electromotive force is measured in which unit?
• The Glasgow scale is used to determine________
• In the context of EEG, what would increasing the sensitivity to 10, 15uV/mm achieve?
• What is the relationship between voltage, sensitivity, and deflection according to EEG principles?
• What is the smallest structure that maintains its chemical character?
• The presence of sleep spindles and V-waves in the EEG indicates which stage of sleep?
• According to ACNS Guidelines, recording clinical EEG on digital media requires monitors to have what minimum scaling rate?
• Common household breakers are typically set to trip at what level of current?
• Which of the following sleep transients is predominantly observed in infants aged 2 to 3 months?
• What is the primary feature of Sturge-Weber syndrome?
• K complexes can be defined by which of the following characteristics?
• What is the most valuable localizing feature in a chain linked bipolar montage?
• QRS complex refers to________
• Thrombosis of the right middle cerebral artery would most likely cause which condition?
• What is the purpose of a ground loop in electrical systems?
• In a record with 10 Hz alpha activity, if the display epoch changes from 10 seconds to 20 seconds, the frequency of the activity will be what?
• What is the correct location of the inion?
• Which disorder is characterized by degenative changes in the cerebellum leading to loss of coordination?
• A short time constant results in which outcome?
• Activation of an absence seizure is most consistently obtained during?
• What condition can breach rhythm in EEG be attributed to?
• Which EEG pattern is associated with a poor prognosis and is often the result of a respiratory or cardiac arrest?
• What is the typical duration of a normal sleep spindle?
• If the measurement from Fp2 to O2 is 24cm, how far should F4 be marked if the zero remains at Fp2?
• What is the minimum inter-electrode distance required for an ECI recording?
• What is the typical resting potential of a neuron?
• Which of the following is true regarding current flow in a household electrical circuit?
• Huntington's disease is characterized by which of the following?
• What is a filter in electronic terms?
• Which occipital pattern can be elicited by having the patient scan a complex image?
• What is the typical frequency range for normal adult alpha activity?
• During which seizure type are automatisms most likely to be observed?
• Where is the dipole of the human eye located according to EEG readings?
• A diagnosis of astrocytoma in the left frontal lobe is most likely to produce which EEG finding?
• Which electrophysiological events are thought to generate an EEG signal?
• A facial port-wine stain is characteristic of which condition?
• What happens to the amplitude of a signal if the calibration voltage is increased?
• Which infection is most likely to cause headache, fever, nuchal rigidity, coma, and death?
• Resistance describes which of the following?
• Which form of dementia is associated with problems such as memory loss and impaired reasoning?
• What is the term for a circuit that allows current to flow from one instrument through a patient, then to another instrument before returning?
• Which type of waves are prominent during deep sleep?
• Which of the following can be a trigger for seizures?
• Low frequency filters in EEG are also known as:
• How much deflection will occur if a 100uV spike is recorded at a sensitivity of 10uV/mm?
• Which sleep disorder is the most common in the adult population?
• FIRDA is typically seen in which population?
• What characteristic of the EEG should be evaluated to ensure accurate recordings in a clinical setting?
• A patient with sensory aphasia will have difficulty________
• An EEG instrument's common mode rejection ratio is ideally expected to be:
• Which hereditary condition may lead to mental retardation and infantile spasms without dietetic treatment?
• What is the primary use of Klonopin (clonazepam)?
• Syringomyelia is described as what condition?
• Hyperventilation can lead to abnormal findings in EEG recordings when there is a presence of?
• Which of the following best describes lambda waves?
• Which of the following is NOT considered a physiological artifact?
• Which structure connects symmetrical areas of the right and left cerebral hemispheres?
• How do posterior slow waves of youth behave when adolescents open their eyes?
• What type of brain activity is observed in herpes simplex encephalitis?
• During which sleep stage are POSTS commonly observed?
• What EEG pattern is associated with CJD disease?
• Which EEG pattern is considered a good prognostic sign in a comatose patient?
• What should the asymmetry of occipital alpha rhythm voltage between two hemispheres not exceed?
• Which type of seizure is characterized primarily by a staring episode without confusion afterward?
• What is the most common form of dementia?
• Which of the following are critical functions of the medulla?
• Symmetry of sleep spindles in an EEG is important for evaluating what aspect?
• A patient exhibiting contralateral hemiparesis, gaze palsy, and sensory deficits is likely experiencing what condition?
• What is status epilepticus?
• What is a key symptom of Tay-Sachs Disease?
• What is parkinsonism caused by?
• What is the autosomal recessive disorder of copper metabolism characterized by behavioral changes and neurodegenerative symptoms?
• What is Alzheimer's disease characterized by?
• To aid in the diagnosis of narcolepsy, which test is performed?
• What is the behavior of the waveform when Input 1 is -100uV and Input 2 is -50uV?
• Which system is activated during relaxation?
• What is the maximum leakage current allowed at the chassis when the ground wire is disabled?
• Which measurement should be recorded for at least 30 minutes during ECI?
• What are focal facial clonic movements without loss of consciousness called?
• A surface negative, wicket-type rhythm found in the central head regions is referred to as?
• Which brain structure is most likely affected first by an anoxic insult?
• In adults, what is the expected response of beta activity when a person is alert?
• What EEG pattern is commonly produced by a defect in the skull from surgery or injury?
• The action potential of a neuron is triggered primarily by which mechanism?
• What is the ratio of chest compressions to breaths in one-person CPR?
• Sodium amytal is primarily used for which procedure?
• Which stages of sleep frequently increase the incidence of spikes in a patient?
• What is the rare neurological disorder associated with the measles virus, typically developing in children or adolescents, characterized by progressive dementia and seizures?
• High voltage diffuse rhythmic theta activity in a 1-year-old child generally signifies that the child is in what state?
• What disorder features involuntary motor and vocal tics?
• What does idiopathic epilepsy indicate about the condition?
• What is the primary effect of EPSPs on neural activity?
• Zarontin (ethosuximide), Neurontin (gabapentin), and Keppra (levetiracetam) are examples of which type of medication?
• What EEG pattern characterizes simple absence seizures?
• In which condition is the EEG likely to show a decrease in amplitude across all channels?
• When input 1 is more negative than input 2, how does the EEG amplifier respond?
• What causes sampling skew in early digital EEG instruments?
• This test is useful in the diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis, pontine angle tumors, coma, and brain death:
• What is the primary reason appliances are grounded?
• The conceptional age is defined as?
• What is the recommended action to take if the electrode impedance readings are above the specified limit?
• The middle cerebral artery primarily supplies blood to which area of the brain?
• Fasciculation refers to________
• What type of amplifiers are utilized for recording biological signals in EEG instruments?
• What is the potential consequence of incorrectly relocating electrodes based on scalp lesions?
• What EEG change occurs when phenytoin approaches toxic levels?
• What type of medication is Dilantin classified as?
• A typical full-term neonate usually enters into sleep in which state?
• Which of the following is not a characteristic of REM sleep?
• What is the consequence of a high input impedance in EEG?
• Epileptiform activity is most commonly characterized by?
• How long is the minimum recording time recommended for ECI sensitivities?
• Six to seven Hz theta activity in a normal adult is typically seen during which condition?
• If a child shows staring with concurrent 3Hz generalized spike-and-wave activity, what should the technologist assess?
• At what level of constant voltage is a person likely to experience paralysis of respiratory muscles?
• Approximately how many bytes are in a megabyte of memory?
• What are the two major classifications of seizure types?
• What is the classification of Rhythmical Mid-temporal Discharges?
• What term describes a biphasic ocular oscillation with at least one slow phase?
• What does the differential amplifier do when both signals are similar?
• Which of the following conditions is linked to an increase in posterior alpha activity?
• Which of the following discharges is most commonly associated with abnormalities on a neurological exam?
• Which EEG finding is often required for diagnosing epilepsy in a patient?
• What condition is associated with spasticity, hyperreflexia, and seizures?
• Why is it important to know the gestational and chronological age in neonates regarding EEG?
• What neurological condition is characterized by rapid muscle contractions that may arise from drug treatment?
• What should a technologist observe when performing an EEG for a central nervous system disease with a potential infectious etiology?
• In modern Intraoperative Neuromonitoring (IONM) systems, how does the amplifier box ground relate to the IONM instrument ground?
• The international classification of epilepsies and epileptic syndromes places juvenile myoclonic epilepsy under what category?
• Phase Reversal is used for localization in which montage type?
• Time constant is measured in which unit?
• Which neurological syndrome is characterized by repetitive, involuntary movements due to long-term use of neuroleptic drugs?
• What characterizes an alpha coma pattern in EEG findings?
• What characteristic of a differential amplifier allows recording of low amplitude EEG signals amidst noise?
• What is an abnormal cortical response to light stimulation?
• Cheyne-Stokes respiration is indicative of dysfunction in which area of the brain?
• Wada testing is done to determine________
• A patient can become electrically susceptible to shock when:
• What EEG characteristic may be noted during the ictal phase of seizures?
• What electrical field is created when the human eye looks in the direction of the anterior temporal electrodes?
• Which physiological change is associated with the attenuation of slow waves in younger individuals?
• Generalized tonic/clonic seizures that continue for 30 minutes or more are considered a:
• Which of the following is not a unit for measuring alternating frequencies?
• Which genetic epilepsy syndrome is characterized by early morning myoclonic jerks?
• What is 20% of 58cm?
• Which EEG pattern is most commonly associated with infantile spasms?
• What term is used to describe brainstem injury in a patient who is completely paralyzed except for vertical eye movements?
• If the epoch/timebase is set for 20 seconds/screen, what does each subdivision equal if the screen is divided into 10 subdivisions?
• What underlying condition often leads to Sturge-Weber syndrome?
• What EEG pattern is associated with hepatic encephalopathy?
• What characterizes drowsiness in an 8-year-old child during an EEG?
• What is the relative charge of the cornea in the corneal retinal potential?
• What happens to bone quality in Paget's Disease?
• Which term describes the ability of an amplifier to reject input signals common to both inputs?
• What is the effect of applying a high-pass filter to slow waves in an EEG recording?
• How will changing the time base from 10 seconds to 20 seconds affect a 12Hz alpha rhythm?
• Which filter combination would best record 3/second spike and slow wave discharges?
• Which type of EEG activity is characterized by rhythmic spikes and is often indicative of epilepsy?
• What is the maximum intensity of household current in the United States?
• Interictal discharges in patients with complex partial seizures are most likely to be recorded in the EEG?
• Which condition is commonly characterized by rigidity, tremors, and festination?
• Which of the following describes a common symptom of Locked in Syndrome?
• No alteration in consciousness is characteristic of which type of seizure?
• What does necrosis refer to?
• At a sensitivity of 3µV/mm, what voltage is represented by a 7mm deflection?
• What is the primary purpose of an EEG recording?
• Which condition is known for causing cortical blindness and seizures?
• How does electrode resistance affect EEG readings?
• What physiological change occurs to cerebral blood flow during increased carbon dioxide levels?
• Which term describes a temporary interruption of blood flow to the brain that resolves in 24 hours?
• Why is it important to evaluate electrode resistance before EEG recording?
• What type of storage do USB flash drives exemplify?
• Herniation of the uncus results in compression of which cranial nerve?
• What is the primary purpose of the multiple sleep latency test (MSLT)?
• What filter is best for filtering out slow waves resulting from sweat artifacts?
• What does the term "epoch" refer to in EEG practice?
• What is the term for a surface positive event that occurs in the occipital regions during drowsiness?
• If C4 must be relocated 4mm anteriorly due to a central scalp lesion, what should happen to C3?
• Infantile spasms are typically treated with which hormone?
• Cataplexy is most commonly associated with which condition?
• What type of hormone is LH classified as?
• What does the abbreviation "PO" stand for?
• A wave with a frequency of 5 hertz falls into which frequency band?
• What is the significance of having a minimum of 100 data points/second in EEG recording?
• During the recording of cerebral activity, if the calibration input voltage is changed from 50 µV to 100 µV, what will be the result?
• Which condition involves the degeneration of nerve tissue leading to coordination issues in movement?
• What is the basic unit of resistance?
• What is the term for having more than one independent focus in an EEG?
• What sign indicates increased intracranial pressure?
• Which of the following would not be considered a normal EEG pattern for a full-term infant?
• What happens when an electrical current flows through a proper grounding system?
• What is the standard electrode site referred to as T1 or F9?
• What condition is caused by inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord?
• What type of brain activity is commonly seen in patients with epilepsy?
• What neurotransmitter is primarily used by the parasympathetic nervous system?
• What does impedance in an EEG context refer to?
• The use of nasopharyngeal or T1/T2 (aka F9/F10) electrodes are most helpful in recording epileptiform discharges associated with?
• A malignant tumor primarily associated with children is known as?
• Which term is used to define a lack of electrical potential difference in a system?
• What is the primary function of the electrodes used in EEG recordings?
• In EEG nomenclature, T7 and T8 correspond to which other placements?
• Which of the following does NOT attenuate alpha rhythm?
• What rare neurological disorder presents with cognitive changes followed by behavioral changes and myoclonic jerks, characterized by periodic short interval diffuse discharges on EEG?
• What is the main feature of Moyamoya disease?
• What is an appropriate use for setting a high-frequency filter in EEG studies?
• What is the term for brain injury that occurs on the side opposite to where a head injury happened?
• What is the purpose of the Circle of Willis related to cerebral blood flow?
• Which type of seizure involves sudden, brief muscle contractions?
• Eye leads placed at the outer canthus of each eye will predominantly record:
• Which statement describes the action of a capacitor?
• When 60Hz interference appears in two adjacent channels with a common electrode, what is the first action to take?
• A clinical syndrome characterized by multi-cognitive decline in previously normal individuals is known as?
• What is NOT related to measuring electrode resistance?
• If seizure discharge causes square waveforms, what adjustment should be made to the sensitivity?
• When a patient opens his eyes, which direction do the eyeballs typically roll?
• At a sensitivity of 30μV/mm, how much voltage does 10mm of deflection represent?
• Photic driving is exhibited in EEG recordings as?
• What is the purpose of the high-frequency filter in EEG analysis?
• What type of seizures are part of Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome?
• Which disease is characterized by personality changes and listlessness following a viral infection?
• In the context of EEG, what is artifact?
• What is a clinical sign commonly associated with meningitis?
• What phenomenon does the Mu rhythm block during EEG recording?
• Why can a bird land on a power line without being shocked?
• What occurs between the two layers of meninges?
• In which scenario does hyperventilation become abnormal?
• What symptom is not typically associated with Cheyne-Stokes respiration?
• What is the basic unit for measuring current flow?
• What does current refer to in an electrical context?
• An action potential is primarily the result of what process?
• Which EEG pattern is associated with West's Syndrome?
• What information is necessary to calculate sensitivity in EEG?
• What type of activity would you expect to see in an EEG from a patient with encephalitis?
• Which of the following conditions may present with focal spike waves on an EEG?
• What is the most common symptom of a concussion?
• What is the nature of a transient ischemic attack?
• What does the time constant refer to in EEG recording?
• What is the primary use of EEG in clinical settings?
• What is the primary localization technique utilized for identifying a focus in a referential montage?
• What is a general characteristic of Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome?
• What common activation procedure can be crucial to revealing absence seizures in an EEG?
• What is required for a circuit to be deemed complete?
• Which of the following conditions indicates omitting hyperventilation during an EEG?
• What EEG finding is likely associated with intracerebral hemorrhage from the middle cerebral artery?
• What is often a characteristic finding in the EEG of patients with traumatic brain injury?
• Which of the following is a broad term for electrical activity observed in the brain during various states of consciousness?
• What sensitivity is recommended for ECI recordings?
• What must be true for electrical grounding in a medical setting?
• What is a typical age of onset for Tourette's Syndrome?
• What is the minimum requirement for a monitor to accurately display EEG signals?
• When dealing with electrical noise in an EEG recording, what is the most important parameter to consider?
• At what maximum current level is a person likely still able to let go when grasping an electrical source?
• A family history of epilepsy is especially important to determine the diagnosis of which type of seizure?
• What should be checked first when 60Hz interference is seen on an EEG recording?
• Aliasing in EEG results from what issue?
• Valium (diazepam) serves mainly as a treatment for which of the following?
• If a 150μV spike is recorded at a sensitivity of 10μV/mm, how much deflection occurs?
• What is the term for no difference in electrical potential in EEG?
• How does increasing depth of anesthesia typically affect EEG patterns?
• What does common mode rejection refer to in amplifiers?
• Which EEG feature is characterized by the first sign of deepening anesthesia?
• What does the "complex" in complex partial seizures indicate?
• A common result of right middle cerebral artery thrombosis is?
• Positron emission tomography is used for________
• Increasing depth of anesthesia causes which of the following EEG patterns?
• What neurological disorder is characterized by abnormal eye movements due to vestibular dysfunction?
• The dance-like movements of the head and extremities may be associated with which hereditary degenerative disease?
• What is a benefit of networking EEG instruments?
• What is Todd's paralysis characterized by?
• The substantia nigra is responsible for supplying which neurotransmitter?
• In which stage of sleep are K-complexes predominantly observed?
• During which sleep stage is the EEG most likely to show a predominance of delta waves?
• What does horizontal resolution in EEG refer to?
• What might be a common waveform change observed in the EEG during a seizure?
• What does an increase in EEG amplitude usually indicate?
• The triad of cataplexy, sleep paralysis, and hypnagogic hallucinations is characteristic of which sleep disorder?
• What is a notable symptom of Reye's syndrome?
• Epilepsy can best be described as?
• Time constant is expressed in which unit?
• Cafe-au-lait spots and neurofibromas are associated with which condition?
• What can occur as a result of improper EEG electrode placement?
• What technique can elicit lambda waves?
• What should the input impedance of an EEG instrument be?
• What characterizes an absence seizure?
• REM sleep is characterized by which of the following?
• What is referred to as the time of the seizure itself?
• When are sleep spindles considered K complexes?
• A high-frequency setting of 35 Hz would attenuate 50 Hz muscle activity by approximately what percentage?
• Which class of drugs is primarily associated with a sedative effect that affects the EEG?
• What type of blood circulation does the Circle of Willis provide?
• The central sulcus demarcates which two lobes of the brain?
• What is the resulting output when two inputs of opposite polarity are subtracted in the differential amplification process?
• What is the primary characteristic of sleep spindles?
• What do disks, CDs, DVDs, and portable hard drives provide?
• Which type of medication commonly causes increased theta and beta activity at therapeutic doses?
• Information carried toward the brain is relayed in which type of pathways?
• How many inputs does each channel of the EEG instrument have?
• Who is responsible for writing the guidelines for recording digital EEG?
• What is the medical term for an abnormally low concentration of sodium in the blood?
• A common seizure pattern in neonates is?
• What will happen to the waveform when Input 1 is +60uV and Input 2 is +20uV?
• What does meningitis refer to?
• Which of the following pairs of metals are considered best for clinical EEG recording?
• During EEG procedures, high interelectrode impedance can lead to:
• What can lead to the development of breach rhythm in EEG studies?
• What causes glossokinetic artifact?
• What EEG pattern is most commonly associated with sleep?
• What type of birthmark is associated with Sturge-Weber syndrome?
• What is the function of a low-frequency filter (LFF) in EEG recordings?
• What type of amplifiers are used for recording biological signals?
• What is an amplifier?
• Which EEG finding is most likely during a psychogenic nonepileptic seizure?
• What anatomical feature is often confused with the corpus callosum due to its central location?
• What is the constant voltage level likely to cause asystole?
• Which type of artifact is typically produced by muscle activity during EEG recordings?
• The primary purpose of a brainstem auditory evoked potential is to assess______
• Which filter would most effectively reduce bitemporal 40hz muscle artifact?
• What is a small fluctuating output recorded by the EEG instrument called when there is no input signal?
• What is a common symptom of an absence seizure?
• What is the term for a surface negative wicket-type rhythm of approximately 9 Hz found in the central head regions?
• According to the ACNS Guidelines 2006, what is the minimum vertical scaling requirement per channel when displaying up to 21 channels?
• Which disorder is characterized by the degeneration of the substantia nigra?
• At what sensitivity would the largest possible waveform be represented without distortion in EEG?
• What structure connects the right and left hemispheres of the brain?
• Which of the following brain waves are typically seen in the awake but relaxed state?
• Which voltages are commonly used for calibration inputs in EEG recordings?
• When both the negative and positive ends of a generator are recorded during an EEG, this configuration is referred to as what?
• Which of the following medications is most likely to produce a paroxysmal discharge in the EEG?
• The term xanthochromic is usually used in reference to________
• What is the infection of the brain called?
• What are the primary components of the diencephalon?
• How much voltage would be recorded if 25uV beta activity is recorded using a LFF of 1Hz?
• Which neurotransmitter primarily gets affected by antidepressants such as Wellbutrin?
• What is a common EEG finding in patients with encephalitis?
• In modern EEG systems, where do the ground or common electrodes connect with respect to the electrical outlet?
• When adjusting the high-frequency filter (HFF), which frequency range is typically targeted?
• An olfactory aura preceding a major seizure is characterized by?
• When recorded from over or near a burr hole, the EEG may show?
• Which of the following is a FALSE statement about current?
• What is the significance of a horizontal or tangential dipole in EEG readings?
• If a spike measures 12mm at a sensitivity of 10uV/mm, what is the voltage?
• Electrocerebral inactivity is defined as having no electrical activity greater than what microvolt level?
• Slow rolling eye movements are typically observed during which state?
• What is not typically a function of the vestibular system?
• Which of the following is most attenuated by a low frequency filter of 1 Hz?
• Where is the nasion located?
• Which disorder is characterized by progressive lipid accumulation in infants?
• What is the primary function of the trigeminal nerve?
• How can you describe the typical presentation of Horner's Syndrome?
• Which electrode is referred to as the central vertex electrode?
• After what type of seizure can the patient recall events about the seizure itself?
• What effect does hypocapnia have on blood vessels?
• Which of the following sleep stages is most associated with vivid dreams?
• What distinguishes Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy of Janz from other forms of epilepsy?
• What defines a partial seizure (focal aware)?
• Mu rhythm is observed with the highest amplitude in which of the following electrode locations?
• Which of the following is not a valid expression of Ohm's law?
• In which region of the brain is the periodic pattern of herpes simplex encephalitis most often observed?
• What type of wave remains unaffected by physiological artifacts like eye movement?
• What happens to the EEG instrument's recording when changing the time constant from 0.05 seconds to 0.10 seconds?
• What does a poor common mode rejection ratio result in during an EEG recording?
• What is a form of temporary facial paralysis resulting from damage to a facial nerve?
• What is the term used to describe the indentation between the forehead and the nose?
• In EEG terminology, what does POSTS stand for?
• What function do eye leads primarily serve in EEG monitoring?
• Rapid, involuntary, jerky movements of muscle groups are called what?
• What EEG finding is considered a hallmark of drowsiness and light sleep?
• What activation procedure should a child who is referred for an EEG to rule out absence seizures perform if their awake EEG is normal?
• How does Lamda differ from POSTS?
• What does TIA stand for in medical terminology?
• What is the standard unit of current?
• What condition is primarily indicated by periodic lateralized epileptiform discharges?
• What is the primary function of the vestibular system?
• According to the ACNS guidelines, the minimum sampling rate for EEG data should be at least how many times the highest high-frequency filter setting?
• Where is Luteinizing Hormone (LH) produced?
• What term describes the stiffening of the muscles?
• What sensitivity should be used to resolve the morphology of a 500uV spike discharge?
• What is the ability of the EEG instrument to output the voltage difference between two inputs to a single channel called?
• What is the most likely effect of thrombosis of the anterior cerebral artery?
• What do PLEDS stand for in EEG terminology?
• What type of seizure is characterized by a 3 hertz generalized spike and wave pattern?
• What is the recommended action when electrode impedance exceeds 10,000 ohms?
• An abnormal presence of a cyst in the spinal cord is indicative of what condition?
• During EEG, which rhythm is characterized by a cortical block during motor activity?
• What does the homunculus represent?
• Which type of activity is indicated by a high voltage discharge in an EEG?
• What term is the new nomenclature for complex partial seizures?
• Which EEG pattern is typically associated with liver disease?
• What is the term for congenital anomalies of the hindbrain characterized by caudal displacement of pons, medulla, and cerebellar vermis?
• Which medication is commonly used to treat absence seizures?
• Which of the following is a key characteristic of a TIA?
• Which syndrome is characterized by a 1 to 2.5 hertz generalized spike and wave pattern?
• Which seizure type is characterized by a brief loss of consciousness without motor manifestations?
• What indicates the onset of Stage-2 sleep?
• What component in an EEG instrument converts alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC)?
• Which EEG frequency is characterized by relaxation and calmness in a waking state?
• Which of the following is a characteristic of K complexes in EEG recordings?
• What is the defining characteristic of K-complexes in EEG readings?
• What effect does eye closing have on alpha rhythm?
• What is the maximum frequency for the low filter during ECI recordings?
• What is the function of a resistor in an electrical circuit?
• Which rhythm is characterized by a surface negative potential in the central regions of the brain?
• What type of waves predominantly indicate drowsiness in EEG recordings of individuals?
• What EEG pattern is often a sign of severe metabolic or structural brain injury?
• Which of the following is NOT a source of 60Hz interference?
• What is the sensitivity when the input voltage is 100uv and the pen deflection is 10mm?
• Which influence is crucial for EEG signal clarity despite environmental noise?
• What condition does not typically result in sensory aphasia?
• A sharp wave could have a duration of approximately how long?
• What are the symptoms of Horner's syndrome?
• What EEG pattern is typically observed in non-REM sleep?
• Which test is particularly specific for diagnosing narcolepsy?
• In terms of safety, why is it important to distinguish between patient ground and instrument ground in IONM?
• The endocrine system regulates the body by means of what?
• What is the distance from fz to pz as a percentage of the distance between nasion and inion?
• A sustained generalized seizure that lasts for more than 5 minutes is referred to as:
• Which of the following describes the onset age profile for Rasmussen's encephalitis?
• Which EEG pattern is absent during drowsiness?
• A normal 44-week CA infant exhibits what respiratory pattern during quiet sleep?
• At an equivalent paper speed of 15mm/sec, how long does one page of printed EEG represent?
• Which of the following medications is considered a benzodiazepine?
• What type of seizure involves bilateral brain activity?
• What does resistance describe in the context of current flow?
• Dementia refers to which of the following?
• What safety feature is critical in households to prevent electrical overload?
• What is voltage defined as in electricity?
• What condition is defined as an abnormally high concentration of calcium in the blood?
• What can be an indicator of a skull defect during an EEG?
• What is the EEG characteristic of benign focal epilepsy?
• What kind of waves are predominantly observed in the EEG of patients with absence seizures?
• A patient complaining of right hemiplegia will have________
• What is aphasia?
• In a referential montage, what feature is considered the most valuable for localization?
• How would a 15Hz high frequency filter affect 15Hz sleep spindles?
• Which filter setting creates a very narrow band pass that should rarely be used clinically?
• At therapeutic levels, benzodiazepines such as Ativan (lorazepam) can cause which EEG characteristic?
• When recording for electrocerebral inactivity, what should the interelectrode distance be at least?
• Which condition is known for frequent sever seizures and cognitive decline in children?
• Which of the following describes the main role of the EEG amplifier?
• How do EEG instruments typically represent electrical activity?
• Spinocerebellar degeneration is also known as which disorder?
• What feature is typically absent in a normal waking and sleeping adult EEG recording?
• Which characteristic allows birds to safely perch on power lines?
• What neurological function is primarily evaluated by the Glasgow Coma Scale?
• What characterizes Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome?
• Which neurological event is characterized by the accumulation of blood in the subarachnoid space?
• What type of EEG activity is often associated with rapidly growing tumors such as glioblastoma multiforme?
• Where are the cardiovascular and respiratory centers for automatic control located?
• What disorder is characterized by an increase in the frequency of posterior alpha activity?
• Which test is most beneficial for evaluating suspected narcolepsy?
• In a referential montage, which feature is most valuable for localizing activity with CZ as the reference?
• A neonate born at 29 weeks gestational age has an EEG performed at 8 weeks old. What is her conceptional age?
• Which artifact originates from the patient's body and is influenced by movements?
• What process is primarily responsible for the transport of hormones within the endocrine system?
• Which condition is characterized by sudden loss of muscle tone, typically triggered by strong emotions?
• The midbrain, pons, and medulla collectively form the?
• What term describes the result of differential amplification when both inputs have equal voltage values?
• What does the term RAM mean in the context of EEG devices?
• During active sleep, what is typically observed in a full-term neonate?
• What device is commonly used to prevent current surges in electrical systems?
• What EEG finding is most likely associated with a localized brain pathology such as a tumor?
• The foramen of Munro is known as the opening between which parts of the brain?
• In which condition would you most likely see xanthochromic cerebrospinal fluid?
• When both Input 1 and Input 2 are +100uV, what state does the waveform achieve?
• What serves to insulate the axon and increase the speed of impulses conducted?
• Which brain structure is involved in balance and coordination?
• Which of the following best describes Pick's Disease?
• What primarily causes multi-infarct dementia?
• What is the function of a differential amplifier in an EEG setup?