What underlying condition often leads to Sturge-Weber syndrome?

Sturge-Weber syndrome is a rare neurological disorder that is typically characterized by a facial birthmark called a port wine stain, associated with neurological abnormalities, including seizures and developmental delays. The syndrome is linked to a genetic mutation rather than an environmental factor or lifestyle choice.

The correct answer relates to the fact that Sturge-Weber syndrome arises from somatic mutations in the GNAQ gene which occur very early in embryonic development. It is not a consequence of viral infections, aspirin intake, severe asthma, or chronic headaches. Instead, the condition arises from a developmental abnormality where abnormal blood vessel formation occurs.

While aspirin intake, severe asthma, and chronic headaches do not have a known connection to Sturge-Weber syndrome, the underlying condition leading to this syndrome is genetic in nature rather than acquired or external. Thus, recognizing the genetic basis for Sturge-Weber syndrome helps clarify its origins.