Where is the dipole of the human eye located according to EEG readings?

The dipole of the human eye in the context of EEG readings is located at the cornea. This is because the eye can be modeled electrically as a dipole, with the cornea carrying a positive charge while the retina carries a negative charge. This dipole arrangement creates an electric field that contributes to the overall electromagnetic activity detected during an EEG.

The cornea's position at the front of the eye allows it to generate a significant and measurable contribution to the potential differences that EEG electrodes can detect. When an EEG is being conducted, any eye movement or blinking can generate artifacts in the measurements, largely due to the influence of this dipole at the cornea. Proper electrode placement and awareness of these artifacts can help analysts interpret EEG data more accurately.

The other locations mentioned—retina, optic nerve, and pupil—do not represent the dipole in this context because they do not serve as the primary source of the electrical activity generated by the eye as perceived in EEG readings. The retina is involved in the processing of visual information, the optic nerve transmits visual signals to the brain, and the pupil controls the amount of light entering the eye, but none are involved in creating the dipole responsible for the electrical activity detected in EEG recordings.