Which of the following is most attenuated by a low frequency filter of 1 Hz?

When considering the effects of a low-frequency filter set at 1 Hz, it's important to understand how filtering works in the context of EEG waveforms. A low-frequency filter allows signals above its cutoff frequency to pass through while attenuating those below it.

In this scenario, a frequency of 0.1 Hz is lower than the 1 Hz cutoff, meaning it would be significantly attenuated. The closer a frequency is to the cutoff frequency, the more it can be affected by the filter. Since 0.1 Hz is well below the cutoff, it experiences substantial attenuation.

Contrastingly, 0.5 Hz (though still below 1 Hz) would also be attenuated but not as significantly as 0.1 Hz. Frequencies like 5 Hz and 10 Hz are above the cutoff and would therefore remain largely unaffected by the filtering process, allowing them to pass through without much reduction in amplitude.

In summary, a low-frequency filter set at 1 Hz would most effectively attenuate the 0.1 Hz signal because it is the lowest frequency among the options provided, leading to the greatest impact from the filter.